Types Of Refining Rabbur And Information About It

Refining of rubber

- Refining of rubber there are main two types in process:

1) Break down 

2) compounding

1) Break down

- The polymeric chain of the rubber are broken by masticating or kneading by the warm roller after this porocess the rubber losses reveuisibility.

2) Compounding

- during break down process imidiately the heat compound are added to get desine Product.

They ane many agent add like.

1) Rain forcing agent.

2) Inert fillter

3) age resistan antioxidants

4) Softner & Extenders

5) Colur & pigment

6) vulcamization agent.

7) accelerator

8) Aceleuiator activator

9) peptizer.

1) Rain forcing agent

- They aure imcrease the Strength & rigidity and tensile sturength
Example :  zink oxide.carbon black magnesium canbonate.

2) Inert filten

- Filter improve the hardness. They protect in abbraction. For e.g Stone, tulkem powder, carbon black.

3) softner extenders

- Softner & extenders they are mastirating the rubber for e.g, peturolium oil, Pine tars, coal-tarpam oil, lubaricant, plasticizer .

4) Age resistor & Antioxidant

- The rubber is decompose to air heat, light ozur so some oxidants are protect like a N-Phenyl 2-Napthyl amine,  alkylated, Dipheyl amime.

5)  Colour & Pigment

- coloune & dyes they are add to colouring purpose they add because in give require colour

6) Vulcarization agent

- The most Important useful V-A  like still Sulfur.

7) accelerator

- They are increase the rate of communication of a rubber for e.g sulphur &  nitrogen

8) Accelector activator

- They increas the effect of accelerator for eg, zink ozide, Stearic acid, Amines, Soap. magnesium oxide.

9) peptizers

- They add to review of viscosity of rubber to perumit easy processing.

>  vulcanization

- Generally the rubber have Some detect like a Soft sticky & low tensile strength & pour resistance to abbresion.

But Vulcanization all these defect are remove & a material give a high tensile strength suffcient tufness, High elasticity, non sensitivity this prorcess is called vulcanization

Vulcanization is carried out by heating crude rubber in presence of Sulful or dipping it in at a solutions of S²C1² in Cs².

vulcanization depend upon,

1) Amount of sulphur

2) Temperatuimre

3) dyrttion of heating

The crude rubber is mix with about 3% groun sulfur accelatour & activator then heated to 150°C

The vulcanization time &  temperatur reduce by adding accelator & activator
   

         CH³                      CH³
             |                            |
-CH²-C-CH-CH²-CH²-C=CH-CH²......

                              +
-CH²-C=CH-CH²-CH²-C=CH-CH².......
           |                              |
          CH³                         CH³
      
          CH³                      CH³
           |                            |
-CH²-C-CH-CH²-CH²-C-CH-CH²
           |                             |
          S                            S
           |                             |
-CH²-C-CH-CH²-CH²-C-CH-CH²
           |                            |
          CH³                      CH³

Technique Of Rubber

There are fouol improvement techniques

1)  Moud cure Process

2) Steam cure process

3) hydralic cure Process

4) Electurical  cure

1) Mould Cure Process

- In this techmique the rubber is mix which close under hydrolic pressure & quive heat to steam &  finally rubber is vulcanize & Shape within a mould.

2) Steam Cure Process

- The rubber is vulcanize to Steam under pressure temperature.

3) Hydrollic Care Pocess

- In this process boiling water is filled to umder samp & pressure use for vulcanization.

4) Electrical cure :-

- In this process is carried out pressure of high furequncy electurical field in vulanization.