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Pepar Chromatography & Radixl Pepar Chromatography


> Pepar  Chromatography 

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- Papar Choromatography is an 
analytical methad used to separate colour chemical or subdance 

- Paper chromatography is usefull for the separating complox mixture of compound having similar properly for e.g amino acid.
- The molecule phase is a solution that travell up the stationany phase due to capillany action
- The moleculer phase is generally an  alcohol Solvent mixed up. whild the stationany Phase a strip of chromatography paper
- cellulose filter paper is oftean used as the stationadiy phase in papar chromatography
- Since it is hydu1ophilic it is usually covered with a then field of water.

>  Porinciple
- This techiques is a type of partition chromatography in which the substance are distributed betweern two liguid conce is Stationary liquid usually (wateor)which is held in filter of the paper & called the Stationory Phase, the other is the moving liquid or developing solvent & called the moving phase.
- The componetnt of the mixture to be seperated migrate at different rate & paper as spots at diffectent on the paper.
- Originally pepar chromatography was used to seperated mixture of organic substances such dyes & amino acid only .
- in this lachnics a drop of the stest so  ion is applied as a small spot or a filter the Spols is dry.
- The paper is kept in a close chember  & the edge, of the paper is dipped in to solvent called developing solvent.
- As soon as the filter Paper gets the liquid through it's capillary axis & when rich the spot of the test solution the varion substances are move by solvent systm at various speed.
- when the solvent as move to a suiteble hight (15-18cm) the paper dried & varios spots are visuallize by suitable greant visuallizing agent.
- The moment of substances relative is the solvent expressed in the terms of Rf value (migration parameter).

> Migration Perameter
- The position of migrated spots on the
chromatography are indicated by different term such as Rf.Rx

> Types Of PC

1) Dessending paper chromatography 
- in  this type development of the chromatography in chromatoram is done by allowing the solvent to down the paper

2) Ascending paper chromatography
-  Here the solvent  travell upward direction of the chromatography paper both the descending &  ascending paper chromatography are used for separation of organic & inorganic substances.
3) Agending-Dessending paper chromatography
- It is hyteride of both the above technique the upper part of the ascending Chromatogram can be folded over a roll and allowing the paper to and becomes desceding after crossinig the roll.

> Redixl Pepar Chromatography

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- it is  also colled a circular chromatogrsphy 

- here a circular fillter pepar is take  & the Sample is giver at the conters of the pepar solvent
- So that wick of the paper is dip inside the solvent
- The solvent raises through the wick & the compound gel sepelaration in form of concentoated circular zone .

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